Maternal and fetal outcomes in diabetic pregnant women

To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in Jordanian women with known Diabetes Mellitus or Gestational Diabetes. A retrospective medical record review was conducted on 234 pregnant women who were followed at the National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics and Gynecological Department in Jordan University Hospital between 2004 and 2009. A total of 148 subjects had Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 86 had known diabetes mellitus [Type 1 = 28, Type 2 = 58]. Caesarean section was more frequent in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus subjects than in Diabetes Mellitus group [47.3% vs. 44.2%]. The frequency of pre-term delivery tends to be higher in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group [9.3% vs. 8.1%]. Abortion was more common in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group [11.6% vs.4%]. Macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia, polycythemia and congenital malformation were more common in Diabetes Mellitus group than Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group. The results showed that Diabetes Mellitus group witnessed more abortion and pre-term delivery compared to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus groups. The caesarean section was higher in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus compared to Diabetes Mellitus group. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus group had better fetal outcome than the Diabetes Mellitus group, indicating that Diabetes Mellitus [type 1, type 2] in pregnancy is a serious condition.

Vitamin D status among patients attending Hussein Medical Center for diabetes in Jordan

Objective: Vitamin D is a steroid fat soluble vitamin, in which deficiency is highly prevalent world wide and has been linked to many diseases. The aim of this study is to assess vitamin D status, and factors associated with low serum level of vitamin D in a sample of patients attending Al-Hussein Medical Center for Diabetes in Salt Hospital

Methods: This is a retrospective study which was done on subjects attending Al-Hussein Medical Center for Diabetes during the period between 1st of June 2011 and 30th of October 2012 who were routinely assessed for vitamin D during this period. The total sample size was 590 subjects, divided into two groups, group one [340] subjects with type 2 diabetes and group 2 [250] subjects without diabetes, excluding from the sample pregnant women and all patients with problems related to vitamin D deficiency. A specially designed medical record form was used to collect the relevant data

Results: Vitamin D level less than 30 ng/mL was found in 71.7% of subjects. Calcium, phosphorous, albumin, parathyroid hormone and cholesterol were normal in the majority of the subjects. Low serum vitamin D level [< 30ng /mL] was seen in 68.2%, and in 76.4% of group 1 and group 2 respectively, [p=0.000]. Obese subjects showed low serum vitamin D in both groups [71.1% and 77.2% respectively]. About 79% of group 1 and 83% of group 2 with history of infrequent exposure to sun showed low serum vitamin D [p=0.000] and 13.5% in group 1 and 12.8% in group 2 gave history of infrequent intake of milk and dairy product. Subjects wearing hijab or nigab in both groups had low serum vitamin D [80.4%, 82.4%, p=0.000 respectively]

Conclusion: Low serum vitamin D level is highly prevalent among both groups, and the most important risk factors for low serum vitamin D level were the lack of sun exposure and dressing style. National plan for education, screening and control of risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency is highly recommended